OSPAAAL (cover designer: unknown), "Congo: Armed struggle against pseudo-nationalist demagogy," ca. 1966-1967. Offset print, pamphlet.

The cover features bold, condensed black typography spelling "CONGO" across the top third, with a striking red downward arrow punctuating the subtitle. Below, a halftone photograph depicts Congolese guerrilla fighters, emphasizing the revolutionary armed struggle. The stark black, white, and red color scheme—characteristic of OSPAAAL's agitprop aesthetic—creates powerful visual impact while reflecting the urgency of anti-imperialist solidarity during the height of Cold War conflicts in Africa.

Published by OSPAAAL (Organization of Solidarity with the People of Africa, Asia and Latin America) following the First Tricontinental Conference held in Havana in January 1966, this pamphlet analyzes the Congolese liberation struggle in the context of neocolonialism. The publication examines the legacy of Patrice Lumumba, the Congolese national hero whose assassination the text describes as invoked by murderers to confuse and immobilize the people. The pamphlet argues for revolutionary interpretation of historical events and seeks to distinguish between genuine national liberation movements and pseudo-nationalist demagoguery. OSPAAAL's publications played a crucial role in building international solidarity networks connecting revolutionary movements across the Global South during the 1960s and 1970s.